The above explained model could be applied to any complex liquid like blood as

complexities of the fluid enter in our model only through the sum rules. This could

be further understood as arteries are of similar size (30 times of size of blood cells)

when it is compared with the average size of blood particles. It could be extrapolated

that thinner blood could provide a smooth flow. However, as the blood gets thicker

(denser), it has great probability of clotting (freezing) near the wall. Hence, on

freezing, it could provide an artificial wall, which decreases the width of a channel

and could trigger more restrictions on its flow. Beyond a critical value of thickness of

this artificial wall, the arteries could automatically get blocked.

16.7

Synthesis of Microfluidic Systems

Microfluidic systems can be built by employing technique called photolithography

originally used in the semiconductor industry to create small features on circuits. The

process involves transferring geometrical shapes present from a mask onto the

Fig. 16.26 Lab-on-chip

(Esfandyarpour et al. 2017)

Fig. 16.27 Microfluidic chip

(Image: darwin-microfluidics.

com)

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K. Tankeshwar and S. Srivastava